702  ASPHALT MATERIAL

Acceptance.  Asphalt binders, 702.01 and liquid asphalts 702.02, 702.03, and 702.04 may be acceptable for shipment to and immediate use in construction projects.  The Contractor has the option of using the manufacturer’s certification, when requested by an asphalt manufacturer and agreed to by both the requesting asphalt manufacturer and the Department.  Acceptance procedure is according to Supplement 1032

702.00  Application Temperatures.  Apply asphalt materials, according to the temperature ranges specified in Table 702.00-1.

Table 702.00-1

Type and Grade

of Material

Application Temperature Range °F (°C)

Spray

Mix

RC-70

75 to 150 (24 to 66)

---

RC-250

100 to 175 (38 to 79)

80 to 150 (27 to 66)

RC-800

66 to 107 (150 to 225)

66 to 93 (150 to 200)

RC-3000

200 to 275 (93 to 135)

175 to 225 (79 to 107)

MC-30

50 to 120 (10 to 49)

---

MC-70

75 to 150 (24 to 66)

---

MC-250

100 to 225 (38 to 107)

100 to 225 (38 to 107)

MC-800

150 to 250 (66 to 121)

150 to 225 (66 to 107)

MC-3000

225 to 275 (107 to 135)

200 to 250 (93 to 121)

All Emulsions

50 to 160 (10 to 71)

50 to 140 (10 to 60)

Asphalt Primer for Waterproofing

50 to 80 (10 to 27)

---

Asphalt for Waterproofing

300 to 350 (149 to 177)

---

CBAE 350, CBAE 350  SP

100 to 150 (38 to 66)

100 to 150 (38 to 66)

CBAE 800, CBAE 800  SP

125 to 175 (52 to 79)

125 to 175 (52 to 79)

Primer 20

60 to 120 (16 to 49)

---

Primer 100

75 to 125 (24 to 52)

---

Asphalt Binders

350 (177) Max.

325 (163) Max.

Asphalt Binders-Polymer modified with SB, SBR, or SBS

---

350 (170) Max.

 

702.01 Asphalt Binders. 

General.  According to AASHTO M 320-03 except as follows.

PG Binders with the suffix “M” (e.g., PG 70-22M, PG 76-22M) will meet the requirements of Table 702.01-1.  When a PG 64-28 is made thru modification ensure it meets the test requirements of Table 702.01-1.

An independent laboratory will not be owned or operated, in whole or part, by the binder supplier, Contractor, or affiliates of either.

Materials and Manufacture.  Replace the requirements of   AASHTO M 320-03 Section 5 “Materials and Manufacture” Section  with the following:

5.1          Supply PG Binder from the refining of crude petroleum, or combination of asphalt binders from the refining of crude petroleum, or asphalt binders and suitable liquid from the refining of crude petroleum, and possible organic modifiers for performance enhancement.   Material from the crude refining stream is considered neat.  Liquid from crude refining may be used for adjustments, but do not used liquid from crude refining for the purpose of substitution of crude refined asphalt binder in a PG Binder.  In the event of a failure investigation where asphalt binders exhibit unusual properties a supplier may be requested by the Laboratory to supply information about the makeup of a PG Binder.  Failure to cooperate will mean removal from Supplement 1032 certification.

5.2          A modifier may be any organic material of suitable manufacture that is proven compatible with asphalt  binder (does not separate appreciably in routine storage), and that is dissolved, dispersed or reacted in asphalt binder to improve its performance.  Performance enhancement is defined as a decrease in the temperature susceptibility of the asphalt binder while maintaining or improving desirable properties in a neat asphalt binder such as coatability, adhesiveness and cohesiveness.  Limit modifiers to no more than 6.0 percent by PG Binder weight.

5.3          The use of previously used materials in a PG Binder must be approved by the Department.  Since no standard test procedures exist for reprocessed materials (and original tests were not developed with the use of such materials in mind), appropriate test methods may be chosen by the Department for review.  Department approval does not relieve the binder supplier from full responsibility for content and use of any previously used material in a PG Binder nor guarantee suitable performance enhancement as defined above.  The detected presence in a PG Binder sample of any unapproved previously used material will mean immediate removal from Supplement 1032 certification.  Limit approved reprocessed materials to 6.0 percent by PG Binder weight.

5.4          Ensure the PG Binder is homogeneous, free from water and deleterious materials, and does not foam when heated to 350F (175C).  Prove the asphalt binder (before modification or after modification if liquid modifier used) is fully compatible with a negative result by means of the Spot Test per AASHTO T 102 using standard naphtha solvent.   If standard naphtha shows a positive result, a retest using reagent grade 35 percent Xylene/ 65 percent Heptane (volume) may be used. 

5.5 Ensure the PG Binder is at least 99.0 percent soluble as determined by ASTM D 5546 or D 2042.  Ensure any insoluble component is substantially free of fibers and have discrete particles less than 75 µm.

5.6          Ensure flash point is 500ºF (260ºC) minimum.  Ensure mass loss on RTFO of the final PG Binder grade is 0.5 percent maximum.

5.7          Ensure that PG 58-28 has a minimum Viscosity (ASTM D2171 @ 60ºC) of 800 poise and that PG 64-22 has a Penetration (ASTM D5) between 55 and 75.

5.8          Direct Tension testing is not required, unless otherwise required in this specification.

Requirements for PG Modified Binder. Furnish  PG Modified Binder according to the requirements of Table  702.01-1 by  modifying a non-oxidized, non-air blown, neat asphalt binder by using a styrene butadiene latex rubber compound (SBR polymer) or a styrene butadiene styrene polymer block copolymer (SBS polymer).  The polymer supplier will certify to the refiner and Contractor that the polymer used meets a minimum 68 percent by weight butadiene content.  Perform SBS polymer modification prior to shipment to the asphalt concrete mixing plant (preblend). Perform SBR polymer modification at the asphalt concrete mixing plant (postblend) or prior to shipment to the asphalt concrete mixing plant (preblend).

For each project, the PG Modified Binder supplier will give the Contractor a handling guide specifying temperature, circulation, shelf life, and other requirements for assuring the PG Modified Binder will perform as desired.  Give this handling guide to the Monitoring Team and place a copy in the plant control room and plant laboratory.

 If PG Modified Binder is retained at the asphalt concrete mixing plant for more than two weeks before use or beyond the supplier recommended shelf life, whichever is less, a top and bottom sample test (material property difference between samples taken from the top and bottom of the storage tank) will be performed by the Laboratory on samples retrieved by the Contractor at the District’s direction. Do not use material on hand until approved.

 

Table 702.01-1

Material Requirements for PG Modified Binder

 

Test / Requirement

SBR Polymer

SBS Polymer

Notes

 

Final PG Binder Grade

70-22M (a, b)

64-28  (a,b)

70-22M (a)

76-22M (a)

c

 

Final PG Binder Grade

 

64-28 (a)

 

 

 

Actual Pass Temperatures

Report

Report

i

 

RTFO Mass Loss,

     percent max

0.5

0.5

0.5

d

 

Phase Angle, max

76

80

76

d

 

Elastic Recovery, min

 

65

75

e

 

Toughness, in lb

118

105

 

 

f, d

 

Tenacity, in lb

70

80

 

f, d

 

Elongation, in, min

20

20

 

f, d

 

Ductility, in, min

28

28

 

j, d

 

Separation, F max

10

10

g

 

Homogeneity

 

None Visible

h, d       

 

 

a.  Preblended Binder with a base binder of at least -22 grade or stiffer for 70-22M.

b.  Post blended Binder made from neat Supplement 1032 certified or preapproved standard PG Binder grade and rubber solids amount equal to or above 3.5 percent by weight of total binder to achieve the PG Binder grade.

c.  Without Direct Tension, graded with actual pass temperatures

d.  PG Modified Binder

e.  ASTM D 6084, 10cm @ 25ºC, hold 5 min. before cutting, on RTFO material

f.   ASTM D 5801, 50cm/min @ 25ºC

g.  Softening point difference of top and bottom of tube sample conditioned at 340ºF for 48 hours. Compatibility of polymer and neat binder is sole responsibility of supplier. Formulate PG Modified Binder to retain dispersion for 3 days minimum.

h.  Heat a minimum 400 gram sample at 177ºC  for2.5-3 hours. Pour entire sample over a hot No 50 (300 µm) sieve at 340ºF. Look for retained polymer lumps.

i.   Actual high and low temperature achieved by PG Modified Binder beyond required grade, but will not grade out to the next standard PG Binder grade for low temperature.

j.   ASTM D 113, @ 4ºC, 1 cm/min

702.02  Cut-Back Asphalt.  Provide rapid curing cut-back asphalt according  to AASHTO M 81 and medium curing cut-back asphalt  according  to AASHTO M 82.  Instead of viscosity on the residue, the penetration in note 3 (AASHTO M 81) or note 4 (AASHTO M 82) shall govern.

702.03  Cut-Back Asphalt Emulsions.  Prepare emulsions by compounding a suitable volatile solvent and water with 702.01 asphalt to produce emulsions according  to Table 702.03-1.

Table 702.03-1

 

CBAE-

350

CBAE-

350

Special

CBAE-

800

CBAE-

800

Special

Primer

20

Primer

100

Kinematic Viscosity at 60 °C, Centistokes

350-700

350-700

800-1600

800-1600

20-40

100-200

Water Content[1], %

4-12

4-12

4-12

4-12

3-8

3-8

Volatile Solvent[1], %

12-25

12-25

10-20

10-20

 

 

Asphalt Content[1], %

67+

67+

72+

72-

45+

60-

Adhesion Test[1]

[2]

[2]

[2]

[2]

 

 

Wet Stone Coating Test[1]

 

[2]

 

[2]

[2]

[2]

Stripping Test[1]

 

[2]

 

[2]

 

 

 

Tests on Residue From Distillation

Penetration at 25 °C

80-150

80-150

80-150

80-150

100-200

100-200

Ductility at 25 °C, in cm

100+

100+

100+

100+

100+

100+

Total Binder (Sol. in CSx), %

99+

99+

99+

99+

99+

99+

[1]   Perform tests according to Supplement 1014.

[2]   Meets

 

702.04  Emulsified Asphalts.  Provide emulsified asphalts according  to AASHTO M 140 or AASHTO M 208.

702.05  Asphalt Primer for Waterproofing.  Provide asphalt primer for waterproofing  according  to ASTM D 41.

702.06  Asphalt for Waterproofing.  Provide asphalt for waterproofing according  to ASTM D 312, Type III.

702.07  Asphalt Emulsion MWS.  Prepare asphalt emulsion MWS from a base material according  to 702.01, except vary the penetration to meet the float test and penetration specified below.  Ensure that the emulsion coats the aggregate readily, thoroughly, and uniformly.  Ensure that the specified characteristics do not change during transportation or normal storage and that the emulsion is according  to the following when tested according to AASHTO T 59:

 

Saybolt furol viscosity at 77 °F (25 °C), seconds

50+ [1]

Asphalt residue, percent

68+

Settlement, 7 days, percent

5-

Sieve test

0.1-

Coating test

[2]

Oil distillate, percent

7-

Withstand freezing to

-10 ºF (-23 °C) [3]

Particle charge

Negative

Penetration, 77 °F (25 °C) [6]

[4]

Float test at 140 °F (60 °C), seconds [6]

1200+ [5]

Total bitumen soluble CS2 [6]

97.5+

Ash content, percent [6]

2.0-

[1]  Pumpable.

[2]  Use aggregates to test the emulsion that are from sources standardized by the Laboratory.  Use aggregates  consisting of 100 percent passing a 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) sieve and 0 percent passing a 1/4 inch (6.3 mm) sieve.  Wash the standard reference aggregates with distilled water until free of dust, and dry them.

          Weigh 3.280 ounces (93 grams) of the dry graded reference aggregate into a suitable container.  Weigh 0.247 ounces (7 grams) of the emulsion onto the aggregate in the container, and vigorously mix the contents for 5 minutes.  After mixing, thoroughly coat the stone.  Completely immerse the mixture in tap water, and immediately pour off the tap water.  Ensure that the aggregate surface area is at least 90 percent coated.

[3]  When shipped after October 1 and before April 15, except if the emulsion is stored and mixed at temperatures of emulsion, aggregate, and atmosphere above 40 °F (5 °C).

[4]  Select the penetration within the following ranges of the designation specified:

[5]  AASHTO T 50, except immediately pour residue from distillation into the float collar at 500 °F (260 °C); or if the residue has been allowed to cool, heat it again to 500 °F (260 °C) and pour it into the float collar.

[6]  Test on residue from distillation.

 

 

Designation

Penetration at 77 °F (25 °C)

MWS 300

300+

MWS 150

150 to 300

MWS 90

90 to 150

MWS 60

60 to 90

 

702.13  Rubberized Asphalt Emulsion.  Provide material consisting of asphalt emulsion SS-1 or SS-1h, according to 702.04, blended with rubber compound, according  to 702.14, to produce a residual mixture of asphalt and rubber solids having a composition of 95 ± 0.3 percent asphalt and 5 ± 0.3 percent rubber solids by weight.

Furnish a certification to the Laboratory showing the following:

A.     The weight of rubber compound blended with the emulsion.

B.      The weight of SS-1 or SS-1h emulsion blended with the rubber compound.

C.      The Laboratory Report Number and/or the approved Notice of Shipment Number of the SS-1 or SS-1h emulsion.

D.      The certified lot or batch number of the rubber compound.

E.      The percent of asphalt in the emulsion residue by distillation.

F.      The percent of rubber solids in rubber compound.

G.      The percent of rubber solids in the mixture of asphalt residue by distillation and rubber solids.

Determine the weight of the rubber compound to be added to a designated weight of SS-1 or SS-1h emulsion to provide the percent of rubber solids in the mixture of asphalt residue by distillation and rubber solids specified herein using the following formula:

where:

                          X =  pounds (kilograms) of rubber compound

                          A =  percent of rubber solids in the rubber compound

                          B =  percent of asphalt residue by distillation of SS-1 or SS-1h emulsion

                        W =  pounds (kilograms) of SS-1 or SS-1h emulsion

 

702.14  Rubber Compound.  Provide a dispersible rubber compound..  consisting of unvulcanized virgin synthetic rubber in the liquid latex form.  The manufacturer of the rubber compound will furnish a written certification of the total rubber solids content of the rubber compound and provide written certification containing actual test results showing compliance with the requirements of these Specifications.

Provide a rubber compound according  to the following:

A.     Rubber compound:

Total rubber solids, % by weight (Certification)......... 49+

Ash, % of total rubber solids (ASTM D 297)............. 3.5-

 

B.      Combination of rubber compound with reference asphalt, mixed according to Supplement 1012.02:

Flow, cm......................................................................... 5-

Softening point, °C raise from

.... reference asphalt, ASTM D 36............................... 12+

Penetration @ 25 °C., 100 g, 5 sec.,

.... mm/10 drop from reference asphalt, ASTM D 5.... 10+

Viscosity, Brookfield units, Model RVF,

.... spindle No. 7 @ 10 RPM @ 94 °C *............ 175,000+

Toughness inch-pounds (N×m)........................ 150+ (17+)

Tenacity, inch-pounds (N×m)............................ 90+ (10+)

Peak load, pounds (N)..................................... 65+ (289+)

Elongation, inches (mm)................................... 20+ (500+)

Ductility @ 4 °C, 1 cm/min, ASTM D 113.............. 150+

*   Take the reading 60 seconds after spindle is actuated.

C.      Mixture of the rubber compound with the reference asphalt and reference aggregate:

Dispersion of rubber, number

.... of remaining black rubbery

.... particles visible to the naked eye.......................... None

Resistance to flexure fatigue,

.... number of flexural units....................................... 1500+

 

Perform the testing according to Supplement 1012


702.16 Polymer Emulsified Binder

Emulsion (ASTM D 244)

Type A

Type B (j)

Saybolt Furol Viscosity

75-400 (50 ºC)

20-100

(25 ºC)

Storage stability, 24 hrs., % difference, max (a)

1

1

Demulsibility, 35 ml of 0.8% Dioctyl Sodium Sulf., min

40 (b)

60

Demulsibility, 35 ml of 0.02N, CaCl2, %, min

40 (c)

60

Sieve test, (distilled water), %, max

0.1

0.05

Distillation to 190 ºC or (h), residue % solids (d)  symbol

68

63

Oil distillate, %, max

2

2

Distillation Residue

 

 

Penetration, 100g, 5 sec @25ºC               ASTM D 5

75-115

90-150

Float Test, sec, min ASTM D 139

1200 (g)

 

Softening point, º C, min ASTM D 36     

60

 

Solubility in TCE, %, min ASTM D 2042 or D 5546

97.5

97.5

Elastic Recovery, 10º C,  %, min              ASTM D 113, (e),(j)

70

58

Force Ductility, 4º C, 40 cm, lb/ sq in ASTM D (j)  

report

report

Toughness/Tenacity,                25º C, 50 cm/min, Nm ASTM D 5801 (f), (j)                                            

   25ºC, 50 cm/min, Nm ASTM D 5801 (i)             

report

16.0/ 9.0

 

 

Ductility, 4º C,1cm/min, min ASTM D 113, (i)

70

 

 

Notes:

(a)   After standing undisturbed for 24 hours, the surface will show no white, milky colored substance, but will be a smooth homogeneous color throughout.

(b)   CRS-2P, test within 20 days of shipment.

(c)   HFRS-2P, test within 20 days of shipment.

(d)   Maximum of 190 ºC held for 15 minutes.   

(e)   Straight molds.  Hold at test temperature for 90 minutes.  Place in ductilometer and elongate 10 cm at 5 cm/min.  Hold for 5 minutes and cut.  After 1 hour retract the broken ends to touch and note elongation in cm (X).  Percent Recovery = ((10-X)/10) x 100.

(f)    Report on JMF. Not part of normal QC testing.  Run when requested for investigation.

(g)   HFRS-2P

(h)   California Test 331, Residue by Evaporation

(i)    SBR

(j)    SBS, SB

 

702.17 Crack Sealant

 

A.   Type I Crack Sealant.          Conform to 705.04

 

B.  Type II Crack Sealant.       Provide a mixture of PG 64-22 certified binder (Supplement 1032) and polyester fibers (recycled fibers not permitted) according  to the following requirements:

 

Denier; ASTM D 1577*..................................... 3.0 to 6.0

Length................................. 0.25 0.02 inch (6.35 0.51mm)

Crimps; ASTM D 3937............................................ None

Tensile str, min. ASTM D2256*... 70,000 psi (483 Mpa)

Specific gravity............................................... 1.32 to 1.40

Minimum melting temperature.................. 475º F (256º C)

Ignition temperature........................ 1000º F (538º C) min.

 

*    This data must be obtained prior to cutting the fibers.

 

The fiber and fiber manufacturer must be on the Qualified Products List.

Combine materials so the fibers are a minimum of 5.0 percent by total weight of the asphalt  binder.  Ensure combined materials  are according to the following properties:

Strength (at break) at 72º F (22º C)   350 psi (2.4 MPa) min.

                                 at  0º F (-18º C)   500 psi (3.5 MPa) min.

Elongation (at break) at 72º F (22º C)      50 percent min.

                                      at   0º F (-18º C)     20 percent min.

 

The option for using premixed and prepackaged Type II crack sealant is permitted provided (1) the fibers and the fiber binder are according to the requirements as shown and, (2) the fiber binder is according  to the manufacturer’s specifications.  Furnish certified test data from the fiber binder manufacturer annually to the Laboratory, and when requested by the Laboratory.  Furnish a letter of certification with each shipment stating that the material complies with specification requirements.

C.  Type III Crack Sealant.        Provide a mixture of PG 64-22 certified binder (Supplement 1032) and polypropylene fibers (recycled fibers not permitted) according to the following requirements:

 

Denier; ASTM D 1577*............................................ 15 3

Length,.................................. 0.390.08 inch (9.91 2.0 mm)

Crimps; ASTM D 3937............................................ None

Tensile strength, min, ASTM D 2256* 40,000 psi (276 MPa)

Specific gravity..................................................... 0.910.04

Minimum melting point............................ 3200 F (1600 C)

 

*    This data must be obtained prior to cutting the fibers.

 

The fiber and fiber manufacturer must be on the Qualified Products List.

Combine materials so the fibers are a minimum of 7.0 percent by total weight of the asphalt binder.  Ensure combined materials are according  to the following properties:

Strength (at break)  at 72º F (22º C) 350 psi (2.4 MPa) min.

                                 at   0º F (-18º C)  500 psi (3.5 MPa) min.

Elongation (at break) at 72º F (22º C)      50  percent min.

                                      at 0º F (-18º C)       20 percent min.

 

D.  Type IV Crack Sealant.      Provide a prepackaged, preapproved mixture of modified binder according  to the following properties and minimum 2.0 percent polyester fibers (recycled fibers not permitted) according to the following properties. Place sealant with a manufacturer’s representative for the fiber binder on site to ensure proper application and conditions.

 

Modified binder:

 

Cone penetration, 770 F(250 C).................................. 50-90

Flow, 1400 F (600 C)............................................ 1.0 cm max

Resilience, 770 F (250 C)................................ 25-60 percent

Ductility, 770 F (250 C)......................................... 40 cm min

Bond, 00 F (-180 C), 100 percent ext. Pass .......... 5 cycles

Impact, 00 F (-180 C)...................................................... Pass

Compression recovery.......................................... 0.40 min

Recommended pour temperature.............. 3800 F (1930 C)

Safe heating temperature........................... 4100 F (2100 C)

 

Polyester fiber properties and fiber approval:  Same as for Type II crack sealant.

Fiber binder properties:

 

Safe heating temperature........................... 4000 F (2040 C)

Softening point.............................................. 1900 F (880 C)

Viscosity, 4000 F(2250 C)................................. 3000 cp min

Cone penetration, 770 F(250 C).................................. 25-45

Workability Capable of being melted and applied through a pressure feed, indirect heated and agitated melter

Flexibility*..................................................................... Pass

 

*    1 inch (25mm) sample at -200 F(-300 C), 90 degree bend, 10 sec

 

Crack sealant approval:  Submit 10 pounds (4.5 kg) of base modified binder and 10 pounds (4.5 kg) of fiber binder from the same batch to the Laboratory.   Submit samples for approval annually.  Before shipment to the project the fiber binder must be approved by the Laboratory.  Additional testing or submission of samples may be required by the Laboratory.