ITEM 514 PAINTING OF STRUCTURAL STEEL
514.01 Description
514.02 Materials
514.03 Superintendent
514.04 Quality Control
514.05 Testing
Equipment
514.06 Work
Limitations
514.07 Protection of
Persons and Property
514.08 Pollution
Control
514.09 Safety
Requirements and Precautions
514.10 Inspection
Access
514.11 Job Site Visual
Standards
514.12 Quality Control
Point Photographic Verification and Documentation
514.13 Surface
Preparation
514.14 Washing Shop
Primer
514.15 Handling
514.16 Mixing and
Thinning
514.17 Coating
Application
514.18 Removing Fins,
Tears, or Slivers
514.19 Caulking
514.20 Dry Film
Thickness
514.21 Final
Inspection
514.22 Repair
Procedures
514.23 Method of
Measurement
514.24 Basis of
Payment
514.01
Description. This work
consists of cleaning and painting all steel surfaces.
514.02 Materials.
On
existing steel, apply a three-coat paint system consisting of an organic zinc
prime coat, an epoxy intermediate coat, and a urethane finish coat. The coating
system shall conform to 708.02.
On
new steel, apply a three-coat paint system consisting of an inorganic zinc
prime coat, an epoxy intermediate coat, and a urethane finish coat. The prime
coat shall conform to 708.01,
and the intermediate and finish coats shall conform to 708.02.
Supply the intermediate and finish coats from the same manufacturer. The
Contractor is responsible for ensuring the compatibility of the intermediate
and finish coats with the prime coat.
For
caulking, use a single pack moisture cured polyurethane based material, which
will not shrink or sag, capable of filling voids greater than 1/8 inch (3mm)
and up to 1 inch (25 mm) wide. Only material that is listed on the OMM Qualified Product List website may be used.
514.03
Superintendent. In addition to
the requirements of 105.06,
the Superintendent must successfully complete a Bridge Painting
pre-qualification course and training offered by the Department. The course
must have been completed within the past four years and an individual course
certificate must have been received by the Superintendent. Present certificate
to the Engineer prior to commencing work. No work is permitted unless the
Superintendent provides a valid course certificate.
514.04 Quality Control.
Quality
control consists of designating quality control specialists to control the
quality of work in each phase established by Quality Control Points (QCPs). Control quality by inspection, tests, and
cooperation with inspection and testing performed by the Engineer and
inspector.
A. Quality Control Specialist. Identify the individuals dedicated to performing
duties as the painting quality control specialists before starting work in the
field. Provide a quality control specialist for each structure, but one quality
control specialist must be provided for every three structures for which work
is progressing concurrently on this contract.
Each quality control specialist must be either a NACE (National Association of Corrosion Engineers)
certified coating inspector or a SSPC (The Society for Protective Coatings, SSPC) protective coating specialist or formally
trained or retrained by a NACE certified coating inspector or a SSPC protective coating specialist. The
training shall be adequate to ensure that the quality control specialist is
able to use all the testing equipment and understands the requirements of this
specification. Provide a copy of the NACE or SSPC certification or a copy of the trainer’s NACE or SSPC certification
and a letter or certificate signed and dated by the trainer to the Office
of Construction Administration. Ensure that the NACE or SSPC
certification is current or retrain the quality control specialist
every five years in accordance with the above requirements.
The quality control
specialist must successfully complete a Bridge Painting prequalification course
offered by the Department. The training course must have been completed within
the past four years and an individual course certificate must have been
received by the quality control specialist.
Select only a quality
control specialist who is approved by the Department. The Office of
Construction Administration will publish a list of approved Quality Control
Specialists. Present all required certificates, letters of certification, and
valid identification to the Engineer prior to commencing work.
The quality control
specialist will be immediately removed from their duties as the quality control
specialist and disqualified from future duties as the quality control
specialist if any quality control failure occurs. A quality control failure is
defined as any of the following:
1. The dry film thickness has been
approved by the quality control specialist and it is later found that over 20
percent of the spot measurements of any one member of a structure, such as a
cross frame, web, flange, stiffener, or other parts of the structure are either
under the minimum or over the maximum spot thickness.
2. The dry film thickness has been
approved by the quality control specialist and it is later found that the
thicknesses of any area of a structure as described in 514.20
are either under the minimum or over the maximum specification thickness.
3. Two separate occurrences when the
surface preparation has been approved by the quality control specialist of any
one member type, such as the cross frames, webs, flanges, stiffeners, or other
parts of the structure and it is later found that the surfaces of those members
were either not properly profiled or not properly cleaned as required by the
Contract Documents. Occurrences are determined per structure.
4. Two separate occurrences of the
quality control specialist performing production duties not allowed by the
Contract Documents. Occurrences are determined per structure.
5. Two separate occurrences when the
quality control specialist fails to perform any one of the duties assigned to
the quality control specialist in the Contract Documents. Occurrences are
determined per structure.
Suspend work if the
quality control specialist is not available or has been removed. The Engineer
or Inspector will immediately provide written notification to the Office of
Construction Administration of any quality control failure identified above.
Resume work when a quality control specialist, qualified and approved as provided
in 514.04, is
available.
For work in the
fabrication shop, each fabricator shall identify one or more full-time
individuals who shall perform the duties of the painting quality control
specialist.
The quality control
specialist may not be used to perform production duties including supervision,
blasting, painting, waste disposal, mixing, operating or repairing equipment,
or other tasks not associated with duties of the quality control specialist
while the Contractor is performing work toward the completion of a Quality
Control Point (QCP).
Ensure that each
quality control specialist is trained and equipped with Material Safety Data
Sheets (MSDS), product data sheets, tools, and equipment necessary to provide
quality control on all aspects of the work. Each quality control specialist
shall have a thorough understanding of the plans for the work, including any
pertinent addenda, change order, or other contract documents, and these
Specifications. Duties each quality control specialist shall perform include:
1.
Inspect equipment and abrasive at specified intervals.
2.
Approve the work and provide documentation that the work has been approved
immediately before each QCP.
3.
Inspect the work with the Engineer or Inspector at each QCP.
4.
Verify the Contractor or fabricator performed work according to the Contract
Documents.
5.
Cooperate with the inspection and testing performed by the Engineer and
inspector.
6.
Document test results and compare test results with the Engineer’s and
inspector’s test results.
7.
Notify Superintendent of nonconforming work.
8.
Stop work when test equipment is not available and when necessary to ensure the
work is performed according to the Contract.
The fabricator’s
quality control specialists shall provide the Engineer with a letter that
includes specified information or check point data documenting acceptance of
the work and consisting of the following:
1.
Checks on the abrasive to ensure that it has not been contaminated with oil.
2.
The profile of the blasted surface.
3.
The air and steel temperature and dew point before blast cleaning and painting
and at 4-hour intervals during the blasting and painting operation.
4.
Readings of the actual dry film thickness.
5.
The lot and stock number of the paint and the date of manufacture.
6.
Documentation that the paint mixer is functioning properly, that each spray
operator has demonstrated the ability to paint, and that all spray equipment is
used according to the manufacturer’s recommendation.
B. Quality
Control Points (QCP). QCPs are points in
time when one phase of the work is complete and approved by the quality control
specialist and ready for inspection by the Engineer or the inspector before
commencing the next phase of the work. At a QCP, the
quality control specialist shall provide quality control tests bearing his
signature to the Engineer or Inspector. The Contractor or fabricator shall
provide the Engineer and inspectors access to inspect all affected surfaces. If
inspection identifies a deficiency, correct the deficiency according to the
Contract Documents before starting the next phase of work. Discovery of
defective work or material after a Quality Control Point is past or failure of
the final product before final acceptance, shall not, in any way, prevent the
Department from rejecting the final product or obligate the Department to final
acceptance. Final acceptance will be determined according to 514.21,
Final Inspection.
Quality Control Points |
Purpose |
New Steel |
Existing Steel |
1. Solvent Cleaning |
Remove asphalt cement, oil, grease, etc. |
Yes |
Yes |
2. Grinding Flange Edges |
Remove sharp corners |
Yes |
Yes |
3. Abrasive Blasting |
Blast surfaces to receive paint |
Yes |
Yes |
4. Containment/ Waste Disposal |
Contain, collect, & dispose of abrasive blasting debris |
No |
Yes |
5. Prime Coat Application |
Check surface cleanliness, apply prime coat, check coating
thickness |
Yes |
Yes |
6. Remove Fins, Tears, & Slivers |
Remove surface defects and slivers |
Yes |
Yes |
7. Washing of Shop Primer |
Remove all water soluble materials (salt, dirt, etc.) |
Yes |
No |
8. Intermediate Coat Application |
Check surface cleanliness, apply intermediate coat, check
coating thickness |
Yes |
Yes |
9. Caulking |
Caulk areas not sealed by the intermediate coat |
Yes |
Yes |
10. Finish Coat Application |
Check surface cleanliness, apply intermediate coat, check
coating thickness |
Yes |
Yes |
11. Final Review |
Acceptance and check total system thickness |
Yes |
Yes |
Provide signed documentation
of inspection, testing, conditions and material information to the Engineer on
the following ODOT forms, or forms with the equivalent information.
Dry FilmThickness
Readings for QCP#5 Prime, #8 Intermediate,
& #10 Finish Coats…………. …. ……………. ….
……………. …. …..CA-S-2
QCS Inspection Documentation
Sign Off for QCP’s…………. …. ……..CA-S-7
QCS & Visual Standards
Information for QCP#3 Abrasive
Blasting Test Section……………. …. ……………. ….
………………..CA-S-11
QCP#1 Solvent Cleaning &
QCP#2 Grinding Flange Edges……….CA-S-12
QCP#3 Abrasive
Blasting……………………………………………………………...CA-S-13
QCP#4 Disposal of
Hazardous/Non-Hazardous Waste………………………….……CA-S-14
QCP#5 Prime Coat Application…………………………………………………………..CA-S-15
QCP#6 Grinding Fins, Tears
and Slivers & QCP #9 Caulking……………………………...CA-S-16
QCP#8 Intermediate &
QCP#10 Finish Coat Application …. ……………CA-S-17
514.05 Testing Equipment. For the project
duration, provide the Engineer or inspectors with the test equipment listed
below for the type of work at each work site with ongoing work. With the
exception of the recording thermometer, the fabricator shall provide its
quality control specialists with the test equipment listed below. The
Contractor and fabricator shall maintain all testing equipment in good working
order, and provide documentation or certification of calibration from the
manufacturer.
A. Film and a camera with the following
features:
1.
Uses self developing color print film.
2.
Lens with auto focus system.
3.
Focuses from 2 feet (0.6 m) to infinity.
4.
Built-in fill flash.
Or provide a digital
camera with the following features:
1.
5.0 Megapixel or greater resolution.
2.
Minimum 3× Optical zoom lens capability with automatic focus.
3.
Minimum 512MB Memory capability.
4.
Built-in flash.
5.
Photograph printer with docking capability compatible with the camera including
supplies necessary to print. (i.e. Ink Cartridges,
Photograph quality paper, and other consumables required for operation and
photograph printing.)
B. One Spring micrometer and extra-coarse
replica tape on the project at all times.
C. One SSPC-PA2 Type 2 (electronic) non-destructive
coating thickness gage, with a set of
calibration thickness foils, (shims), and two sets of National
Institute of Standards & Technology calibration plates. The first set of
calibration plates shall be 1.5 to 8 mils (38 to 200 μm),
Model No. 1362b, and the second set shall be 10 to 25 mils (250 to 625 μm) , Model No. 1363b.
D. One Sling Psychrometer
including Psychrometric tables, (or comparable
electronic or digital equipment for the measurement of dew point, accurate
within 2 °F (1 °C) and within one percent relative humidity).
E. Two steel surface thermometers
accurate within 2 °F (1 °C).
G. SSPC Visual Standard for Abrasive Blast
Cleaned Steel (SSPC-VIS 1).
H. One recording thermometer capable of
recording the date, time, and temperature over a period of at least 12 hours.
514.06 Work Limitations. Apply the prime coat to new structural steel inside
permanent buildings at the fabricator’s facility. If inside permanent
buildings, the fabricator may perform year-round abrasive blasting and
painting. Perform abrasive blasting and painting in the field from April 1 to
October 31. The Department will not issue a time extension due to adverse weather
during the month of April. The plans or other Contract Documents may require
additional work limitations for specific bridges or projects.
A. Temperature. Except for inorganic zinc,
apply paint when the steel, air, and paint temperature is 50 °F (10 °C) or
higher and expected to remain higher than 50 °F (10 °C) for the cure times
listed below. Apply inorganic zinc when the steel, air, and paint is 40 °F (4
°C) or higher. Cure inorganic zinc according to the minimum curing time and
temperatures specified in the paint manufacture’s printed instructions.
|
50 °F (10 °C) |
60 °F (16 °C) |
70 °F (21 °C) |
Primer
(Organic Zinc) |
4 hrs |
3 hrs |
2 hrs |
Intermediate |
6 hrs |
5 hrs |
4 hrs |
Finish |
8 hrs |
6 hrs |
4 hrs |
Monitor
the temperatures listed above for cure times using the recording thermometer.
The Contractor may use a heated enclosure or building. Supply heat continuously
and uniformly to maintain the required minimum curing temperature within the
enclosure or building until the coating has cured.
If
combustion type heating units are used, vent the units away from the enclosure
or building and do not allow exhaust fumes to enter the enclosure or building.
Do not use open combustion in the enclosure or building.
The
fabricator may use radiant heat when painting new structural steel inside
permanent shop buildings. Locate radiant heaters at least 10 feet (3 m) above
all surfaces to be painted. Vent exhaust fumes to prevent fumes from contacting
surfaces to be painted.
B. Moisture.
Do not apply paint:
1. If the steel surface temperature is less
than 5 °F (3 °C) above the dew point.
2. If the steel surface is wet, damp,
frosted, or ice-coated.
3. If the relative humidity is greater than
85 percent.
4. During periods of rain, fog, or mist
unless the above moisture criteria is met.
If
steel was abrasive blasted when the temperature of the steel was less than 5 °F
(3 °C) above the dew point, reblast the steel when
the steel temperature is at least 5 °F (3 °C) above the dew point.
514.07 Protection of Persons and Property. Collect, remove, and dispose of all rubbish, buckets, rags,
or other discarded materials and leave the job site in a clean condition.
Except
for deck bottoms and backwalls which have not been
sealed or are not to have a sealer applied, protect all portions of the structure,
that are not to be painted from damage or disfigurement by splashes, spatters,
and smirches of paint.
If
the Contractor causes any damage or injury to public or private property, the
Contractor shall restore the property, to a condition similar or equal to the
condition existing before the damage or injury.
514.08 Pollution Control. Comply with
pollution control laws, rules, or regulations of Federal, State, or local
agencies and requirements of this specification.
514.09 Safety Requirements and Precautions. Comply with the applicable safety requirements of the Ohio
Industrial Commission and OSHA.
Provide
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) at the preconstruction meeting for all
paints, thinners, and abrasives used on this project. Do not begin work until
submitting the MSDS to the Engineer.
514.10 Inspection Access and Lighting. In addition to the requirements of 105.10,
furnish, erect, and move scaffolding and other appropriate equipment to allow
the inspector and the Engineer the opportunity to closely observe all affected
surfaces during all phases of the work and for at least 10 workdays after
completely painting each structure to allow for the Final Inspection according
to 514.21. Provide artificial lighting as necessary to supplement natural light
with a minimum of 30 foot candles (325 LUX) at the surface of the steel for
inspection, cleaning, and painting. Prevent glare that interferes with traffic,
workers and inspection. Submit to the Engineer for information, complete
details of the inspection access that complies with the applicable safety
requirements of The Ohio
Industrial Commission and OSHA. The
details shall be reviewed, signed, stamped and dated by an Ohio registered
Professional Engineer certifying that they meet these requirements. Maintain
the in-place inspection access equipment employed during original painting activities
or provide alternate inspection equipment such as platform lifts, bucket
trucks, snooper trucks, or equivalent as approved by the Engineer. If
scaffolding, or any hanger attached to the scaffolding, is supported by
horizontal wire ropes, or if scaffolding is directly under the surface to be
painted, comply with the following requirements:
A. If scaffolding is suspended 43 inches (1092 mm) or more below
the surface to be painted, place two guardrails on all sides of the
scaffolding. Place one guardrail at 42 inches (1067 mm) above the scaffolding
and the other guardrail at 20 inches (508 mm) above the scaffolding.
B. If scaffolding is suspended at least 21 inches (533 mm) but less
than 43 inches (1092 mm) below the surface to be painted, place one guardrail
on all sides of the scaffolding at 20 inches (508 mm) above the scaffolding.
C. If 514.10.A and 514.10.B
do not apply, place two guardrails on all sides of scaffolding. Place one
guardrail at 42 inches (1067 mm) above the scaffolding and the other guardrail
at 20 inches (508 mm) above scaffolding.
D. Provide scaffolding at least 24 inches (610 mm) wide if
guardrail is used and 28 inches (711 mm) wide if guardrail is not used and
scaffolding is suspended less than 21 inches (533 mm) below the surface to be
painted. If using two or more parallel scaffolding to achieve the proper width,
rigidly attach the scaffolding together to prevent differential movement.
E. Construct guardrail as a substantial barrier, securely fastened
in place and free from protruding objects such as nails, screws, and bolts.
Provide a properly located opening in the guardrail to allow the Engineer and
inspector access onto the scaffolding.
F. Construct guardrails and uprights of metal pipe, steel angles,
or wood. If using pipe railing, provide pipe with a nominal diameter of at
least 1 1/2 inches (38 mm). If using steel angle railing, provide 2 x 2 x
3/8-inch (50 x 50 x 9 mm) steel angles or other metal shapes of equal or
greater strength. If using wood railing, provide 2 x 4-inch (50 x 100 mm)
nominal stock. Space uprights no more than 8 feet (2.4 m) on
center. If using wood uprights, provide 2 x 4-inch (50 x 100 mm) nominal
stock.
G. If the surface to be inspected is more than 15 feet (4.57 m)
above the ground or water, and the scaffolding is supported from the structure
being painted, provide a safety harness (not a safety belt) and lifeline for
the Engineer and inspector. The lifeline shall not allow a fall greater than 6
feet (1.8 m). Provide a method to attach the lifeline to the structure that is
independent of the scaffolding, cables, and brackets supporting the
scaffolding.
H. If scaffolding is more than 2.5 feet (762 mm) above the ground,
provide an access ladder and equipment to attach the ladder onto the
scaffolding capable of supporting 250 pounds (113 kg) with a safety factor of
at least four. uniformly space rungs, steps, cleats,
and treads no more than 12 inches (305 mm) on center. Extend at least one side
rail at least 36 inches (914 mm) above the landing near the top of the ladder.
I. If the distance from the ladder to the access point on the
scaffolding exceeds 12 inches (305 mm), provide an additional landing that is
capable of supporting a minimum of 1000 pounds (454 kg) and at least 24 inches
(610 mm) wide and 24 inches (610 mm) long. Size and shape the landing so that the
distance from the landing to the point where the scaffolding is accessed does
not exceed 12 inches (305 mm). Firmly attach the landing to the ladder;
however, do not use the ladder to support the landing.
J. In addition to the scaffolding requirements above, comply with
all Federal, State, and local laws, ordinances, regulations, orders, and
decrees.
K. Furnish all necessary traffic control to
allow inspection during and after all
phases of the project.
514.11 Job Site Visual Standards. Before starting abrasive blasting, establish job site
visual standards by preparing a test section, subsequent test sections, and by
using photographs of approved test sections. Use job site visual standards and SSPC-VIS
1 standard for blasting. The Contractor or fabricator shall prepare an
approximately 20 to 30-square foot (2 to 3 m²) test section from a
representative area on the first structure to be painted. After the Engineer or
Inspector and the Contractor or fabricator agree the test area was blast
cleaned to the requirements of the Contract Documents, photograph the test
section and check the steel surface for the proper profile. After the Engineer
or Inspector approves the test section and the job site visual standards are
documented by photographs and replica tape, the Contractor or fabricator may
start abrasive blasting. The quality control specialists and Engineer or
Inspector will use the job site visual standards (photographs), the Plan,
Specification and requirements to determine acceptance of blast cleaning
procedures. In all cases of dispute, the SSPC-VIS 1 standard shall govern. If
the Contractor, Engineer, Inspector, or fabricator believe
the initial test section does not establish the proper visual standard for a
different structure another test section on the different structure may be
performed.
514.12 Quality Control Point Photographic
Verification and Documentation.
The Engineer or
Inspector will take a sufficient number of photographs to document the
condition of the work at Quality Control Points 3, 4 and 11.
A. Solvent Cleaning (QCP
#1). Solvent clean by methods described in SSPC-SP 1,
areas containing oil, grease, asphalt cement, diesel fuel deposits, other petroleum
products and contaminants.
B. Grinding Flange Edges (QCP
#2). Before abrasive blasting, round all exposed flange edges
of all beams and girders to a radius of 1/8 ±1/16 inch (3 ±1.5 mm). This
work has no weather and temperature restrictions.
C. Abrasive Blasting (QCP
#3). Do not abrasive blast areas that contain asphalt cement, oil, grease, or
diesel fuel deposits. Before abrasive blasting, completely remove all dirt,
sand, bird nests, bird droppings, and other debris from the scuppers, bulb
angles, and pier and abutment seats.
Abrasive
blast all steel to be painted according to SSPC-SP 10
and as shown on the pictorial surface preparation standards for painting steel
surfaces shown in SSPC-VIS 1. Maintain steel in a blast cleaned condition until
it has received a prime coat of paint. The Contractor may commercial blast
clean the back side of end cross frame assemblies that are 3 inches (75 mm) or
closer to backwalls according to SSPC-SP 6.
Cover
and protect galvanized and metalized steel (including corrugated steel bridge
flooring), adjacent concrete already or specified to be coated or sealed, and
other surfaces not intended to be painted, from damage caused by blasting and
painting operations. Repair adjacent coatings damaged during the blasting
operation. Backwalls and bottoms of decks not sealed
nor specified to be sealed do not need to be covered and protected.
For
field blasting use a recyclable steel grit, or a recyclable natural mineral,
low dusting abrasive. Do not use silica sands, mineral slags, and other types
of non-metallic abrasives that contain more than 0.5 percent free silica, by
weight, have a chlorides salts content more than 25
ppm, and contain any organic material. For shop blasting use an abrasive that
produces an angular profile. All abrasives shall provide a profile from 1.5 to
3.5 mils (40 to 90 μm) as determined by replica
tape according to ASTM D 4417,
Method C. Adjust the abrasive size, blast hose nozzle pressure or other means
in order to provide the 1.5 to 3.5 mil profile. Clean the abrasive of paint
chips, rust, mill scale, and other foreign material
after each use and before each reuse. Use equipment specifically designed for
cleaning the abrasive.
Check
abrasives used at the job site or fabrication shop for oil contamination at the
beginning of each shift and at 4-hour intervals. Also check each load of
abrasive delivered to the job site or fabrication shop for oil contamination
before use. Check for oil by placing a
small sample of abrasives and tap water into a jar. Reject the abrasive if an
oil film is detected on the water surface.
To
ensure that the compressed air is not contaminated, the quality control
specialists shall blow air from the nozzle for 30 seconds onto a white cloth or
blotter held in a rigid frame. If the cloth or blotter retains oil or other
contaminants, suspend abrasive blasting until retests verify the problem was
corrected. Perform this test at the start of each shift and at 4-hour
intervals.
The
Contractor may simultaneously abrasive blast and paint the same bridge provided
the abrasive blasting debris and dust does not contact freshly painted surfaces
and does not contaminate paint during the curing period. For shop blasting, the
fabricator may simultaneously abrasive blast and paint if the two operations
are separated by distance or containment that prevents paint contamination.
For
surface preparation of new structural steel in the fabricator’s shop, the
quality control specialist shall take replica tape readings as follows:
1. For an automated blasting process, test
the greater of 20 percent of the main members or one
member per shift. These tests shall consist of taking five random readings per
member.
2. For a manual blasting process, test each
main member. The test of a main member consists of taking five readings at
random locations.
3. For both an automated and manual blasting
process, test 15 percent of all secondary members. The test of a secondary
member consists of taking one random reading.
Remove
abrasives and residue from all surfaces to be painted. Keep all structural
steel that was blast cleaned in the field or the fabricator’s shop dust free.
Apply a prime coat to steel that was blast cleaned in the field within 12 hours
of the beginning of the abrasive blasting operation. Apply a prime coat to
structural steel that was blast cleaned in the fabricator’s shop within 24
hours of the beginning of the abrasive blasting operation. If a prime coat is
not applied within the times stated above, reblast
the steel before applying the prime coat. Remove all dust or abrasives from
adjacent work and from the finish coat.
Provide
the Engineer and Inspector with field wash facilities and an adequate supply of
running potable water, soap, and towels for washing face and hands during the
surface preparation operation. Properly contain, test, and dispose of the
wastewater. Locate a wash facility at each bridge site and in an area that will
not be contaminated by the blasting debris.
D.
Containment/Waste Disposal (QCP #4). Waste material
generated by abrasive blasting operations in the field is a solid waste and may
be a hazardous waste. Contain, collect, store, evaluate, and properly dispose
of the waste material. Comply with all Federal, State, and local environmental
protection laws, regulations, and ordinances including, but not limited to, air
quality, waste containment, and waste removal. The Contractor is advised that
various governmental bodies are involved with solid waste and hazardous waste
disposal and the Contractor is responsible for complying with laws enforced by
the various governmental bodies.
To
prevent contamination of the pavement or soil, park all equipment on ground
covers free of cuts, tears, and holes.
Clean equipment of spent abrasives or
debris before bringing equipment to the project, moving equipment from one
bridge site to another, and removing equipment from the project. Store debris
cleaned from equipment with the debris from the structure that generated the
debris.
Erect
an enclosure to completely surround (around, under and over the top on truss
type bridges) the blasting operations. The Contractor may use the ground as the
bottom of the enclosure if the ground is completely covered with plastic or
tarps.
Construct
the enclosure of flexible materials such as tarpaulins (specifically designed
for blasting containments), or construct the enclosure of rigid materials such
as plywood. Maintain all materials free of tears, cuts, and holes. Overlap all
seams a minimum of 6 inches (150 mm) and fasten the seams together at 12-inch
(300 mm) centers or in a manner that ensures a seal that does not allow
openings between the edges of the containment material. Extend the vertical
sides of the enclosure completely up to the bottom of the deck on a steel beam
bridge and use bulkheads between beams to enclose the blasting area.
Collect
all debris from blasting operations, equipment, or filters, and all debris that
fell to the ground. Store the debris in steel containers with lids that are
locked at the end of each workday. The storage location shall be at the bridge
site unless, the Engineer and Contractor agree on an alternate storage
location. Test and evaluate the debris for disposal. The location of
centralized cleaning stations for recyclable steel shall also be agreed by the
Engineer and the Contractor.
Obtain
the services of a testing laboratory to obtain directly from the project site
and evaluate a composite representative sample of the abrasive blasting debris
for each bridge site. The person taking the sample must be an employee of the
testing laboratory.
Take
composite sample in the presence of the Engineer or Inspector, comply with the
requirements of U.S. EPA Publication SW 846 and take individual samples from
all containers that are on the site at the time of the sampling. Blend
individual samples of equal size together to comprise one composite sample.
Take one individual sample from each drum and four randomly spaced individual
samples from each container other than drums.
Take
individual samples and place into clean glass or plastic containers.
Prepare
a chain of custody record (Chain of Custody) for all composite samples. The
Chain of Custody must include the name of the person taking the sample, the
name of the testing laboratory for which the person works, the date and time
the sample was taken, the bridge sampled, the Township and Municipality where
the bridge is located, and the signatures and dates of all persons in
possession of the sample in the Chain of Custody.
Sample
the abrasive blasting debris within the first week of production blasting at
each bridge. Cease all blasting and painting operations on the bridge from
which waste was generated, if sampling is not performed within the first week
of production blasting.
Test composite samples for lead,
chromium, cadmium and arsenic according to the U.S. EPA
Publication SW 846 Method 1311 (TCLP). Provide the
Chain of Custody and test results to the District Regulated Waste Engineer (DRWE) immediately after the test results are available. If
the DRWE determines the blasting debris is hazardous,
as defined below, provide the Engineer with the names of the hauler and
treatment facility. Perform all sampling and testing required by the hauler,
treatment facility, or disposal facility.
The
existing paint removed from bridges may contain lead, chromium, cadmium or
arsenic. The Contractor is responsible for taking the proper safety precautions
to ensure workers in this environment are properly protected.
1. Hazardous Waste. The blasting debris is
hazardous if lead, chromium, cadmium or arsenic exceed
any of the regulatory concentration limits shown below:
SW 846 Analyte |
Regulatory Concentration Limit |
Lead |
5.0
mg/l |
Chromium |
5.0 mg/l |
Arsenic |
5.0 mg/l |
Cadmium |
1.0 mg/l |
Label
all the containers of hazardous blasting debris “HAZARDOUS”. Secure the storage
location by surrounding the site with a 5 foot (1.5 m) high chain link fence
fabric supported by traffic sign drive posts 10 feet (3 m) apart. Drive the
traffic signposts into the ground at least 2 feet (0.6 m) deep. Secure the
fencing with padlocks at the end of each day. Post hazardous waste warning
signs at obvious locations on the fenced enclosure.
The
Office of Construction Administration will obtain a generator number assigned
to the State. After the Office of Construction Administration obtains the
generator number, arrange for the hauling, treating, and disposing of the
hazardous waste. Use a firm licensed by EPA to haul and dispose of the
hazardous waste. This firm is also responsible for providing the completed
Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest (EPA Form 8700-22, or current version).
In
every case, properly dispose of all hazardous waste within 60 days after it is
generated. If hazardous waste is not properly disposed of within 60 days, the
Department will consider the Contactor in breach of its Contract and the
Department will take the following actions:
a. Immediately suspend all abrasive blasting
and painting of structural steel on the Project until hazardous waste is
properly disposed.
b. Cease processing all pay estimates.
c. Forward a breach of contract notification
to the Contractor’s Surety.
The
Contractor is responsible for fines or liens assessed by any governmental
agency that has jurisdiction over the disposal of this hazardous waste
material.
Decontaminate
or dispose of all collection and containment equipment according to EPA
guidelines.
The
Contractor shall inform the Department when all hazardous waste has been
removed from the Project so the EPA Site ID Number (Hazardous Waste Generator
Number) can be deactivated.
2. Non-Hazardous Solid Waste. For all waste that is determined to be a
Non-Hazardous Solid Waste by the DRWE, the Contractor
is required to:
a. Before disposing of any material, provide
the Engineer with documentation that the disposal facility is licensed by the
EPA to accept non-hazardous solid waste.
b.
Haul and dispose of the waste to the documented, non-hazardous solid waste
facility.
c.
Obtain from the disposal facility and provide the Engineer with a receipt that
documents disposal of waste material at the licensed disposal facility.
d.
Properly dispose of all waste within 60 days after it is generated.
514.14 Washing Shop Primer (QCP #7).
Wash shop primed structural steel after it is erected and the concrete deck is
placed and within 30 days of applying the intermediate coat.
Wash
the steel with potable water. Use equipment capable of delivering the water at
a nozzle pressure of at least 1000 pounds per square inch (7 MPa) and at a rate
of not less than 4 gallons (15 L) per minute. The Contractor shall provide the
Engineer with equipment specifications that verify both the delivery pressure
and rate. Provide gauges on the equipment to verify the pressure during
operation. Hold the nozzle a maximum of 12 inches (300 mm) from the surface
being washed. The surface is clean when clear rinse water runs off the
structure. After rinsing the surface, inspect for remaining dirt and rewash
dirty areas until clean.
514.15 Handling. Deliver all paint and thinner in original unopened
containers with labels intact. The Engineer or Inspector will accept containers
with minor damage provided the container is not punctured. Thinner containers
shall be a maximum of 5 gallons (19 L). Before use, provide the Engineer with
shipping invoices for all painting materials used on the Project.
Supply
containers of paint and thinner with labels clearly marked by the manufacturer
to show paint identification, component, color, lot number, stock
number, date of manufacture, and information and warnings as may be required by
Federal and State laws.
Store
paint at the temperature recommended by the manufacturer and in a storage
facility that prevents theft. Provide thermometers capable of monitoring the
maximum high and low temperatures inside the storage facility.
Before
opening paint or thinner containers, check the labels to ensure the proper
container is opened and the paint has not been stored beyond its shelf life. Do
not use paint that exceeded its shelf life. Do not open containers of paint and
thinner until required for use and then open the oldest paint of each kind
first. Solvent used for cleaning equipment is exempt from the above
requirements.
Do
not use paint that has livered, gelled, or otherwise deteriorated during
storage. Properly dispose of unused paint and paint containers.
514.16 Mixing and Thinning. Thoroughly mix all ingredients immediately before use
with a high shear mixer (such as a Jiffy Mixer). Do not mix paint using paddle
mixers, paint shakers, or an air stream bubbling under the paint surface. After
mixing, carefully examine the paint for uniformity and to ensure that no
unmixed pigments remain on the bottom of the container. Before use, strain the
paint through strainers that remove skins or undesirable matter but not
pigment.
Except
for primer, mix paint as necessary during application to maintain a uniform
composition. Continuously mix primer using an automated agitation system. Do
not use hand-held mixers for primer paints.
Do
not add thinner to the paint without the Engineer’s or Inspector’s approval,
and only add thinner if necessary for proper application as recommended by the
manufacturer’s printed instructions. In the Engineer’s or Inspector’s presence,
slowly add the amount of thinner recommended and supplied by the manufacturer
to the paint during the mixing process. Do not mix other additives into the
paint.
Add
catalysts, curing agents, or hardeners that are in separate packages to the
base paint only after thoroughly mixing the base paint. With constant
agitation, slowly pour the proper volume of catalyst into the required volume
of base. Do not pour off liquid that has separated from the pigment before
mixing. Use the mixture within the pot life specified by the manufacturer and
dispose of unused portions at the end of each workday.
A. General. Paint all structural steel,
scuppers, expansion joints except top surface, steel
railing, exposed steel piling, drain troughs, and other areas as shown on the
plans. Paint galvanized or metalized surfaces if shown on the plans. Unless
otherwise shown on the plans or specified below, apply paint to provide the
specified coating thickness by brush and spray methods. If brush and spray are
not practical to paint places of difficult access, the Contractor may use
daubers, small diameter rollers, or sheepskins.
Use
daubers, small diameter rollers, or sheepskins to paint the following areas:
1. Where cross-frame angles are located
within 2 inches (50 mm) of the bottom flange.
2. Where end cross frames are within 6 inches
(150 mm) of the backwall.
3. Where there is less than 6 inches (150 mm)
between the bottom of the bottom flange and the beam seat.
B. Application Approval. The Engineer or
Inspector may inspect the initial application of the prime, intermediate, and
final coats. If the Engineer or Inspector discovers defects, adjust the method
of application to eliminate the defects then continue applying the coat.
C. Additional Information Pertaining to Shop
Applied Primer. Apply a prime coat to all structural steel surfaces by brush or
spray methods, including insides of holes, behind stiffener clips and contact
surfaces of connection, and splice material that is to be fastened with bolts
in the shop or field. Apply a mist coating from 0.5 to 1.5 mils (12.5 to 37.5 μm) on surfaces that are to be imbedded in concrete
and on surfaces within 2 inches (50 mm) of field welds other than those
attaching intermediate or end cross frames to beams or girders. Apply one coat
of primer to pins, pin holes, and contact surfaces of bearing assemblies,
except do not paint those containing self-lubricating bronze inserts. Once the
prime coat is dry, apply erection marks, using a thinned paint of a type and
color that is completely concealed by, and compatible, with the second coat.
Do
not handle or remove structural steel coated with inorganic zinc primers from
the shop until the paint has cured as specified by the paint manufacturer’s
printed instructions.
Reduce
the thickness of thick films of inorganic zinc primer by screening, sanding, or
sweep blasting. If the primer paint cured longer than 24 hours, apply a
re-coating of primer paint according to the paint manufacturer’s printed
instructions. Abrasive blast and re-apply the primer to the affected area if “mud
cracking” occurs. If “checking” occurs, abrasive blast and reapply the primer
or remove the “checking” by screening and evaluate the area by adhesion
testing.
D. Surface Cleanliness. All surfaces to be
painted shall be free of dust, dirt, grease, oil, moisture, overspray, and
other contaminants. If the surface is degraded or contaminated, restore the
surface before applying paint. In order to prevent or minimize degradation or
contamination of cleaned surfaces in the field, the prime coat of paint shall
be applied within 12 hours of the beginning of the abrasive blasting operation
as required in surface preparation above, for steel which is cleaned and
painted in the shop, the prime coat of paint shall be applied within 24 hours
of the beginning of the blasting operation.
Schedule
cleaning and painting when dust or other contaminants will not fall on wet,
newly painted surfaces. Protect surfaces that do not receive paint or have
already been painted from the effects of cleaning and painting operations.
Before applying the next coat, remove overspray and bird droppings with a stiff
bristle brush, wire screen, or a water wash with sufficient pressure to remove
overspray and bird droppings without damaging the paint. Before applying the
next coat, remove all abrasives and residue from painted surfaces with a vacuum
system equipped with a brush type cleaning tool.
Remove
all visible abrasives on the finish coat that came from adjacent work.
E. Brush Application. Apply the paint to
produce a smooth coat. For field painting, to ensure coverage, apply wet stripe
coats using brushes, daubers, small diameter rollers or sheepskins to all
edges, outside corners, crevices, welds, rivets, bolts, nuts and washers in
addition to the spray application of each individual coating Apply additional
paint as necessary to produce the required coating thickness.
F. Spray Application (General). Apply paint
using spray application as follows:
Keep
spray equipment clean so that dirt, dried paint, solvents, and other foreign
materials are not deposited in the paint film. Remove solvent left in the
equipment before using the equipment.
Apply
paint in a uniform layer with overlapping at the edges of the spray pattern.
Paint the border of the spray pattern first, followed by painting the interior
of the spray pattern. Complete painting a spray pattern before moving to the
next spray pattern area. Within a spray pattern area, hold the gun
perpendicular to the surface and at a distance that will ensure a wet layer of
paint is deposited on the surface. Release the trigger of the gun at the end of
each stroke. Each spray operator shall demonstrate to the Engineer or inspector
the ability to apply the paint as specified before the operator sprays paint.
If
mud cracking occurs, the affected area shall be cleaned to bare metal in
accordance with surface preparation above and repainted. Fill all gaps and
crevices 1/8 inch (3 mm) or less with primer.
Use
spray equipment recommended by the paint manufacturer and suitable for use with
the specified paint. Provide adequately sized traps or separators to remove oil
and condensed water from the air. Periodically drain the traps during
operations. To ensure that the traps or separators are working properly, test
by blowing air from the spray gun for 30 seconds onto a white cloth or blotter
held in a rigid frame. The Engineer or Inspector will verify the test results
by inspecting the white cloth or blotter. If the cloth or blotter retains oil,
water, or other contaminants, suspend painting until
retests verify the problem was corrected. Perform this test at the start of
each shift and at 4-hour intervals. This is not required for an airless
sprayer.
Do
not use spray application unless the operation is totally enclosed as required
for abrasive blasting, to prevent overspray damage to the ground, public and
private property, vegetation, streams, lakes, and other surfaces not to be
painted.
G. Prime, Intermediate, and Finish Coat
Application (QCP #5, #8, and #10). Apply paint as a
continuous film of uniform thickness, free of all defects such as holidays, pin
holes, mud cracking, checking, drips, runs, and sags. The Contractor is
responsible for applying the manufacturer’s paint as necessary to satisfy the
above requirement. Repaint all thin
spots or areas missed before the next coat of paint is applied.
Ensure
that each coat of paint is properly cured before applying the next coat. Comply
with the manufacturer’s written instructions for the time interval between
coats and apply the next coat when an additional coat will not cause
detrimental film irregularities, such as lifting, wrinkling, or loss of
adhesion of the undercoat. Do not exceed the following time intervals. If the
prime coat is organic zinc, the maximum time between the prime and intermediate
coats is 30 days. There is no maximum time between the prime and intermediate
coats for an inorganic zinc primer. The maximum time interval between
intermediate and finish coats is 13 days. These maximum recoat times include
adverse weather days and the Engineer will not extend the times. If the next
coating is not applied within the times stated above, remove the coatings and
re-blast the steel according to SSPC-SP 10.
Stencil
the Completion Date (month and year) of the finish coat and the letters of the
applied paint system on the steel in 4 inch (100 mm) letters with black
urethane paint. The appropriate letters for the paint systems are as follows:
System Comprised of |
Letters |
Inorganic zinc
prime coat, epoxy intermediate coat, and urethane finish coat |
IZEU |
Organic zinc
prime coat, epoxy intermediate coat, and urethane finish coat |
OZEU |
Apply
the date and paint system at four locations near the end of each outside beam
on the outside web visible from the road or as directed by the Engineer.
514.18 Removing Fins, Tears, or Slivers (QCP #6).
Use a grinder to remove all fins, tears, slivers, or any other burred or sharp
edges that become evident after applying the prime coat. Retexture ground
surfaces to produce a profile from 1.5 to 3.5 mils (40 to 90 μm) and reprime ground
surfaces before applying the intermediate coat. The Contractor may begin
removing fins, tears, and slivers after blasting and before priming.
Temperature and weather restrictions do not apply to removing fins, tears, and
slivers, but do to applying the prime coat.
514.19 Caulking (QCP
#9). After the
intermediate coat cures and before applying the finish coat, caulk gaps or
crevices greater than 1/8 inch (3 mm).
514.20 Dry Film Thickness (QCP #5, #8, and #10). Determine prime coat thickness; prime and intermediate
coat thickness; and prime, intermediate, and finish coat thickness using a Type
2 magnetic gage as follows:
Measure paint thickness at separate,
evenly spaced, spot measurement locations over each 100-square feet (9 m²) of
area of structural steel. Locate five spot measurements on each
of the following locations: top flanges; bottom flanges; webs; cross bracing;
stiffeners; etc. At each spot location, take three gage readings of either the
substrate or the paint. Move the probe 1 to 3 inches (25 to 75 mm) for each new
gage reading. Discard an unusually high or low gage reading that is not
consistently repeated. The spot thickness measurement is the average of the three
gage readings.
The
average of five spot measurements for each location in the 100-square foot (9
m²) area shall not be less than the specified thickness. No single spot
measurement area shall be less than 80 percent of the specified minimum
thickness nor greater than 150 percent of the maximum specified thickness when
organic zinc is applied and 120 percent of the maximum specified thickness when
inorganic zinc is applied. Any one of three readings which are averaged to
produce each spot measurement, may under run or overrun by a greater amount.
Take five spot measurements per location for each 100-square foot (9 m²) area
as follows:
A. For all shop painted steel, regardless of
size, randomly select and then measure one 100-square foot (9 m2) area within
each 300 square foot (27 m²) unit of surface area that
is painted.
B. For structures not exceeding 300 square
feet (27 m²) in area, measure each 100-square foot (9 m²) area.
C. For structures not exceeding 1000 square
feet (90 m²) in area, randomly select and then measure three 100-square foot (9
m²) areas.
D. For structures exceeding 1000 square feet
(90 m²) in area, measure the first 1000 square feet (90 m²) as stated in
section C and for each additional 1000 square feet (90 m²), or increment
thereof, randomly select and then measure one 100-square foot (9 m²) area.
E. If the dry film thickness for any
100-square foot (9 m²) area (sections C and D) is not in compliance with the
requirements of this subsection, then measure each 100-square foot (9 m²) area.
F. Measure other areas or revise the number of
spot measurements as shown on the plans.
Each
coat of paint shall have the following thickness measured above the peaks:
|
Min. Spec. Thickness |
Max. Spec. Thickness |
Min. Spot Thickness |
Max. Spot Thickness (Inorganic Zn) |
Max. Spot Thickness (Organic Zn) |
Prime |
3.0 mils (75 μm) |
5.0 mils (125 μm) |
2.4 mils (60 μm) |
6.0 mils (150 μm) |
7.5 mils (188 μm) |
Intermediate |
5.0 mils (125 μm) |
7.0 mils (175 μm) |
4.0 mils (100 μm) |
10.5 mils (263 μm) |
10.5 mils (263 μm) |
Subtotal |
8.0 mils (200 μm) |
12.0 mils (300 μm) |
6.4 mils (160 μm) |
16.5 mils (413 μm) |
18.0 mils (450 μm) |
Finish |
2.0 mils (50 μm) |
4.0 mils (100 μm) |
1.6 mils (40 μm) |
6.0 mils (150 μm) |
6.0 mils (150 μm) |
Total |
10.0 mils (250 μm) |
16.0 mils (400 μm) |
8.0 mils (200 μm) |
22.5 mils (563 μm) |
24.0 mils (600 μm) |
Remove
paint with a film thickness greater than the maximum specified thickness
unless:
A. The paint does not exhibit defects such as
runs, sags, bubbles, or mud cracking, etc.
B. The manufacturer provides a written
statement to the Engineer that the excessive thickness is not detrimental.
For
any spot or average of five spots at any location of a 100-square foot (9 m²)
area that exceeds the maximum spot thickness, either remove and replace the
coating according to 514.22 or prove to the Office of
Construction Administration that the excess thickness will not be detrimental
to the coating system. In order to prove to the Office of Construction
Administration that the excess thickness will not be detrimental to the coating
system, the Contractor must provide the Office of Construction Administration
with the following information.
Certified
test data proving that the excessive thickness will adequately bond to the
steel when subjected to thermal expansion and contraction. The thermal
expansion and contraction test shall take place over five cycles of a
temperature range from -20 to 120 °F (-49 to 49 °C). After the thermal
contraction and expansion cycles have taken place, the tested system shall be
subjected to pull off tests and the results compared to the results of pull off
tests that have been performed on a paint system with the proper thicknesses.
Perform
the adhesion tests according to ASTM D 4541 Type IV.
Document the preparation methods for the panels, including profile and level of
cleanliness. Document the application methods, conditions and if any thinner,
(percentage), was used. Test the panels according to
the following:
1. Lightly sand the coating surface and
aluminum dolly, and apply a quick set adhesive. Document the type of adhesive.
2. Allow adhesive to cure overnight.
3. Scribe the coating and adhesive around the
dolly before testing.
4. Make a minimum of 4 trials to failure, and
report the 4 trials. Reject trial if fracture occurs at the primer-substrate
interface or pressure at failure is less than 400 pounds per square inch (2.8
MPa).
a.
Describe the test specimen as substrate A, upon which
successive coating layers B, C, D, etc. have been applied including the
adhesive Y which secures the dolly Z to the topcoat.
b.
Designate cohesive failures by the layers within which they occur as B, C,
etc., and the percent of each.
c.
Designate adhesive failures by the interfaces at which they occur as A/B, B/C,
C/D, etc, and the percent of each.
In
addition to the certified test results, the Contractor shall provide the Office
of Construction Administration a written statement from the paint manufacturer
stating that the excessive thickness is not detrimental.
If
the Office of Construction Administration does not approve the excessive coating
thicknesses or the Contractor elects not to provide the required written
statement from the paint manufacturer and the certified test results when
required, the Contractor shall remove and replace the coating. The removal and
replacement of the coating shall be done as specified in 514.22.
A. The Engineer will select locations for
coating removal for inspection of surface preparation and dry film thickness.
For all structures in which the supporting members are rolled beams or girders,
remove a minimum of one location per 150 linear feet (46 m) of beam line for
webs and flanges and 5 percent of all cross frame assemblies and other
secondary structural members shall be selected for destructive testing. For all
other bridge types with structural steel, remove one location for every 1,200
square feet (108 m²) of steel surface for destructive testing. Do not perform
destructive testing on areas that have been painted with an inorganic zinc
prime coat.
B. At the selected areas, the Engineer will
perform total dry film thickness testing using a type 2 magnetic gage. If the
dry film thickness for that spot does not meet the requirements of 514.18, additional measurements will be taken to determine
the extent of the deficient coatings.
C. At the selected areas, where an organic
zinc prime coat has been applied, remove at least 9 square inches (58 cm²) of
the new coatings by methods that will not damage the surface of the steel. Approved removal methods are scraping,
sanding, or the use of solvents. Do not
use power tools. Perform removal while in the presence of the Engineer. The
Engineer will document and photograph the selected areas after removal of the
new coatings. If work is found not to be in conformance with the specifications
and pertinent contract documents, additional locations may be selected for
testing.
D. Make repairs of areas where the coatings
were removed and other areas that were determined to be deficient. Make repairs
according to 514.22. If the final destructive testing
according to 514.21.C, reveals greater than 15 percent
of the areas inspected are not in complete conformance with the specifications
and pertinent contract documents, the Department will require that surface
preparation and painting of the structural steel be completely redone to meet
the requirements of the Contract Documents at no additional cost to the
Department.
E. Final Acceptance shall be based upon the
results of the surface preparation observations and dry film thickness measurements
obtained from the final inspection. Final Acceptance will also take into
consideration acceptable progressive project documentation and progressive
field measurements in determining the final acceptability of the Bridge Paint
System.
Inspection
access to the test locations to perform the required final inspection
measurements shall conform to the requirements of 514.10.
514.22 Repair Procedures. Remove paint and correct defects or damaged areas,
including areas damaged by welding, and in areas that do not comply with the
requirements of this specification. Correct defects and damaged areas using the
same paint as originally applied except the Engineer may approve using organic
zinc to repair inorganic zinc in the field. Retexture the steel to a near white
condition and a profile between 1.5 to 3.5 mils (40 to 90 μm).
Measure the profile immediately before applying the prime coat to ensure the
profile is not destroyed during the feathering procedure. See 514.13.C.
Feather
the existing paint to expose a minimum of 1/2 inch (13 mm) of each coat.
During
the reapplication of the paint, apply paint as follows:
A. Apply the prime coat only to the surface of
the bare steel and the existing prime coat exposed by feathering. Do not apply
the prime coat to the adjacent intermediate coat.
B. Apply the intermediate coat only to the new
prime coat and the existing intermediate coat exposed by feathering. Do not
apply the intermediate coat to the adjacent finish coat.
C. Apply the finish coat only to the new
intermediate coat and the existing finish coat that was feathered or lightly
sanded. Do not apply the finish coat beyond areas that were feathered or
lightly sanded.
At
the perimeter of the repair area, apply the prime and intermediate coats using
a brush. Apply the finish coat using either brush or spray.
The
Contractor may need to apply several applications to obtain the proper
thickness for each coat.
During
the application of the prime coat, the paint shall be continuously mixed.
Perform
all surface preparation and painting according to this specification. Instead
of abrasive blasting, the Engineer may allow alternate methods of preparing the
surface.
Blend
repair areas with the adjacent coating and provide a finished surface in the
patched areas that is smooth and has an even profile with the adjacent surface.
Submit,
in writing, the method of correcting areas with runs to the Office
of Construction Administration for approval.
514.23 Method of Measurement. The Department will measure Surface Preparation of
Existing Structural Steel and Field Painting of Existing Structural Steel Prime
Coat by the number of square feet (square meters) of structural steel painted
or on a lump sum basis. The Department will measure Field Painting Structural
Steel, Intermediate Coat and Field, Painting Structural Steel, Finish Coat by
the number of square feet (square meters) or pounds (kilograms) of structural
steel painted, or on a lump sum basis.
The
Department will determine the number of pounds (kilograms) of new structural
steel painted by the accepted pay weight of the new structural steel.
For
steel beam and steel girder bridges, the Department will determine the surface
area by taking a nominal measurement of the beams (i.e., two times the beam
depth plus three times the flange width). In addition to this nominal
measurement, the Department will add a percentage to account for incidentals
such as cross frames, bearing assemblies, stiffeners, expansion joints,
scuppers, etc. It is not necessary for the Engineer or Inspector to field
measure every detail of the bridge to verify quantities. If there is a quantity
dispute, exact field measurements of all painted surfaces and calculations will
govern over the above percentage to account for incidentals.
For
extremely complex bridges, such as trusses, the Department will pay for
painting on a lump sum basis.
The
Department will measure grinding fins, tears, slivers on existing structural
steel by the number of man hours expended by the workers actually doing the
grinding and will include the time when the workers are performing grinding and
repairing prime coat and not limited to only the actual grinding duration
(i.e., the Department will include all hours of the workers when assigned to
grinding regardless of actual grinding time). The Department will not measure
grinding fins, tears, and slivers on new steel but will consider it incidental
to unit price for the new steel.
514.24 Basis of Payment. The Department will pay for accepted quantities at the
Contract prices as follows:
The
Department may consider paint as eligible for payment for material on-hand as
specified in 109.10, however, only paint that the Contractor can prove to the
Engineer will be used during the construction season is eligible for payment.
The Contractor shall provide the Engineer calculations indicating the total
square feet (square meter) of steel to be painted during the construction
season. The Contractor shall also provide calculations showing the total number
of gallons (liters) required.
If
the Contractor causes damage or injury to public or private property, the
Department will not pay for restoring the property to its original condition.
The
Department will not pay for repairing adjacent coatings damaged during the
blasting operation.
The
Department will not pay for removing and replacing an area of coating because a
spot or maximum average thickness exceeds the maximum spot thickness.
The
Department will not pay for additional testing required by any hauler,
treatment facility, disposal facility or landfill.
The
Department will pay for caulking under Field Painting Structural Steel,
Intermediate Coat.
The
Department will pay for final inspection access, test area preparation and test
area repair at each selected area under Final Inspection Repair. The Department
will not pay for accessing, inspecting, and repairing areas that are not found
to be in conformance with the specifications and pertinent contract documents.
All
other requirements of this specification are considered incidental to the work.
Item Unit Description
514 Square Foot Surface Preparation of Existing Structural
Steel
(Square Meter)
Lump Sum
514 Square Foot Field Painting of Existing Structural
Steel, Prime Coat
(Square Meter)
Lump Sum
514 Square Foot Field Painting Structural Steel,
Intermediate Coat
(Square Meter)
Lump Sum, Pound
(Kilogram)
514 Square Foot Field Painting Structural Steel, Finish
Coat
(Square Meter)
Lump Sum, Pound
(Kilogram)
514 Man Hour Grinding Fins, Tears, Slivers on Existing Structural Steel
514 Each Final Inspection Repair