702  ASPHALT MATERIAL

Acceptance.  Asphalt binders 702.01 and liquid asphalts 702.02, 702.03, and 702.04 may be acceptable for shipment to and immediate use in construction projects.  Acceptance is according to Supplement 1032.

702.00  Application Temperatures.  Apply asphalt materials, according to the temperature ranges specified in Table 702.00-1.

Table 702.00-1

Type and Grade

of Material

Application Temperature Range °F (°C)

Spray

Mix

MC-30

50 to 120 (10 to 49)

---

MC-70

75 to 150 (24 to 66)

---

MC-250

100 to 225 (38 to 107)

100 to 225 (38 to 107)

MC-800

150 to 250 (66 to 121)

150 to 225 (66 to 107)

MC-3000

225 to 275 (107 to 135)

200 to 250 (93 to 121)

All Emulsions

50 to 160 (10 to 71)

50 to 140 (10 to 60)

Asphalt Primer for Waterproofing

50 to 80 (10 to 27)

---

Asphalt for Waterproofing

300 to 350 (149 to 177)

---

CBAE 350, CBAE 350  SP

100 to 150 (38 to 66)

100 to 150 (38 to 66)

CBAE 800, CBAE 800  SP

125 to 175 (52 to 79)

125 to 175 (52 to 79)

Primer 20

60 to 120 (16 to 49)

---

Primer 100

75 to 125 (24 to 52)

---

Asphalt Binders

350 (177) Max.

325 (163) Max.

Asphalt Binders Polymer modified with SB, SBRSBS, or Elvaloy

375 (190) Max

350 (177) Max.

 

702.01 Asphalt Binders. 

General.  According to AASHTO M 320-10 Table 1 except as follows.

PG Binders with the suffix “M” (e.g., PG 70-22M, PG 76-22M) will meet the requirements of Table 702.01-1.  When a PG 64-28 is made through modification ensure it meets the test requirements of Table 702.01-1.

An independent laboratory will not be owned or operated, in whole or part, by the binder supplier, Contractor, or affiliates of either.

Materials and Manufacture.  Replace the requirements of AASHTO M 320-10 Table 1 Section 5 “Materials and Manufacture” Section with the following:

5.1         Supply PG Binder from the refining of crude petroleum, or combination of asphalt binders from the refining of crude petroleum, or asphalt binders and suitable liquid from the refining of crude petroleum, and possible organic modifiers for performance enhancement.  Material from the crude refining stream is considered neat.  Liquid from crude refining may be used for adjustments, but do not used liquid from crude refining for the purpose of substitution of crude refined asphalt binder in a PG Binder.  In the event of a failure investigation where asphalt binders exhibit unusual properties a supplier may be requested by the Laboratory to supply information about the makeup of a PG Binder.  Failure to cooperate will mean removal from Supplement 1032 certification.

5.2         A modifier may be any organic material of suitable manufacture that is proven compatible with asphalt binder (does not separate appreciably in routine storage), and that is dissolved, dispersed or reacted in asphalt binder to improve its performance.  Performance enhancement is defined as a decrease in the temperature susceptibility of the asphalt binder while maintaining or improving desirable properties in a neat asphalt binder such as coatability, adhesiveness and cohesiveness.  Limit modifiers to no more than 6.0 percent by PG Binder weight.

5.3         The use of previously used materials in a PG Binder must be approved by the Department.  Since no standard test procedures exist for reprocessed materials (and original tests were not developed with the use of such materials in mind), appropriate test methods may be chosen by the Department for review.  Department approval does not relieve the binder supplier from full responsibility for content and use of any previously used material in a PG Binder nor guarantee suitable performance enhancement as defined above.  The detected presence in a PG Binder sample of any unapproved previously used material will mean immediate removal from Supplement 1032 certification.  Limit approved reprocessed materials to 6.0 percent by PG Binder weight.

5.4         Ensure the PG Binder is homogeneous, free from water and deleterious materials, and does not foam when heated to 350 ºF (175 ºC).  Prove the asphalt binder (before modification or after modification if liquid modifier used) is fully compatible with a negative result by means of the Spot Test per AASHTO T 102 using standard naphtha solvent.   If standard naphtha shows a positive result, a retest using reagent grade 35 percent Xylene/ 65 percent Heptane (volume) may be used. 

5.5         Ensure the PG Binder is at least 99.0 percent soluble as determined by ASTM D 5546 or D 2042.  Ensure any insoluble component is free of fibers or discrete particles more than 75 µm.

5.6         Ensure flash point is 500 ºF (260 ºC) minimum.  Ensure mass loss on RTFO of the final PG Binder grade is 0.5 percent maximum.

    5.7         Ensure that PG 64-22 has a Penetration (AASHTO T49

) of no more than 75.

5.8         Direct Tension testing is not required, unless otherwise required in this specification.

Requirements for PG Modified Binder. Furnish PG Modified Binder according to the requirements of Table 702.01-1 by modifying a non-oxidized, non-air blown, neat asphalt binder by using a styrene butadiene latex rubber compound (SBR polymer), a styrene butadiene styrene polymer block copolymer (SB, SBS polymer) or ethylene/ nbutyl acrylate/ glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (Elvaloy).  For SB, SBS products the polymer supplier will certify to the refiner and Contractor that the polymer used meets a minimum 68 percent by weight butadiene content.  Perform SB, SBS or Elvaloy polymer modification prior to shipment to the asphalt concrete mixing plant (pre-blend).  Perform SBR polymer modification at the asphalt concrete mixing plant (post-blend) or prior to shipment to the asphalt concrete mixing plant (pre-blend).

For each project, the PG Modified Binder supplier will give the Contractor a handling guide specifying temperature, circulation, shelf life, and other requirements for assuring the PG Modified Binder will perform as desired.  Give this handling guide to the Monitoring Team and place a copy in the plant control room and plant laboratory.

If PG Modified Binder is retained at the asphalt concrete mixing plant for more than two weeks before use or beyond the supplier recommended shelf life, whichever is less, a top and bottom sample test (material property difference between samples taken from the top and bottom of the storage tank) will be performed by the Laboratory on samples retrieved by the Contractor at the District’s direction.  Do not use material on hand until approved.

 Table 702.01-1

Material Requirements for PG Modified Binder

Test / Requirement

SBR Polymer

Other Polymer (k)

Note

Final PG Binder Grade

70-22M (a, b)

64-28  (b)

70-22M (a)

76-22M (a)

c

Final PG Binder Grade

 

64-28 (a)

 

 

Actual Pass Temperatures

Report

Report

i

RTFO Mass Loss,  percent max

0.5

0.5

0.5

d

Phase Angle, max

78

80

76

d

Elastic Recovery, min

 

65

75

e,d

Toughness, in. lb

125

105

 

 

f, d

Tenacity, in lb.

70

80

 

f, d

Elongation, in. min

20

20

 

f, d

Ductility, in. min

28

28

 

j, d

Separation, F max

10

10

g,d

Homogeneity

 

None Visible

h, d       

 

a.  Pre-blended Binder.  Usea base binder of at least -22 grade or stiffer for 70-22M and 76-22M.

b.  Post-blended Binder made from neat Supplement 1032 certified or preapproved standard PG Binder grade and rubber solids amount equal to or above 3.5 percent by weight of total binder to achieve the PG Binder grade.

c.  Without Direct Tension, graded with actual pass temperatures

d.  PG Modified Binder

e.  ASTM D 6084, 10cm @ 77 ºF (25 ºC), hold 5 min. before cutting, on RTFO material

f.  ASTM D 5801, 50cm/min @ 77 ºF (25 ºC)

g.  Softening point difference of top and bottom of tube sample conditioned at 340 ºF (171 ºC) for 48 hours. Compatibility of polymer and neat binder is sole responsibility of supplier.  Formulate PG Modified Binder to retain dispersion for 3 days minimum.

h.  Heat a minimum 400 gram sample at 350 ºF (177 ºC) for 2.5-3 hours.  Pour entire sample over a hot No 50 (300 µm) sieve at 340ºF (171 ºC).  Look for retained polymer lumps.

i.   Actual high and low temperature achieved by PG Modified Binder beyond required grade, but will not grade out to the next standard PG Binder grade for low temperature.

j.   ASTM D 113, @ 39 ºF (4 ºC), 1 cm/min

k.  SB, SBS, Elvaloy

702.02  Cut-Back Asphalt.  Provide medium curing cut-back asphalt according to AASHTO M 82.  Instead of viscosity on the residue, the penetration in note 2 (AASHTO M 82) will govern.

702.03  Cut-Back Asphalt Emulsions.  Prepare emulsions by compounding a suitable volatile solvent and water with 702.01 asphalt to produce emulsions according to Table 702.03-1.

Table 702.03-1

 

CBAE- 350

CBAE- 350 Special

CBAE- 800

CBAE- 800 Special

Primer 20

Primer 100

Kinematic Viscosity at 60 °C, Centistokes

350-700

350-700

800-1600

800-1600

20-40

100-200

Water Content[1], %

4-12

4-12

4-12

4-12

3-8

3-8

Volatile Solvent[1], %

12-25

12-25

10-20

10-20

Asphalt Content[1], %

67+

67+

72+

72-

45+

60-

Adhesion Test[1]

[2]

[2]

[2]

[2]

Wet Stone Coating Test[1]

[2]

[2]

[2]

[2]

Stripping Test[1]

[2]

[2]

 

Tests on Residue From Distillation

Penetration at 25 °C

80-150

80-150

80-150

80-150

100-200

100-200

Ductility at 25 °C, in. cm

100+

100+

100+

100+

100+

100+

Total Binder (Sol. in CSx), %

99+

99+

99+

99+

99+

99+

[1]   Perform tests according to Supplement 1014.

[2]   Meets

 

702.04  Emulsified Asphalts.  Provide emulsified asphalts according to AASHTO M 140 or AASHTO M 208 and specification limits will be producible for at least 30 days from project delivery.

702.05  Asphalt Primer for Waterproofing.  Provide asphalt primer for waterproofing according to ASTM D 41 Type 2.  

Furnish materials according to the Department’s Qualified Products List (QPL).

702.06  Asphalt for Waterproofing.  Provide asphalt for waterproofing according  to ASTM D 312, Type III.

Furnish materials according to the Department’s Qualified Products List (QPL).

702.07  Asphalt Emulsion MWS.  Prepare asphalt emulsion MWS from a base material according to 702.01, except vary the penetration to meet the float test and penetration specified below.  Ensure that the emulsion coats the aggregate readily, thoroughly, and uniformly.  Ensure that the specified characteristics do not change during transportation, normal storage and that the emulsion is according to the following when tested according to AASHTO T 59 for at least 30 days after application:

 

Saybolt furol viscosity at 77 °F (25 °C), seconds

50+ [1]

Asphalt residue, percent

68+

Settlement, 7 days, percent

5-

Sieve test

0.1-

Coating test

[2]

Oil distillate, percent

7-

Withstand freezing to

-10 ºF (-23 °C) [3]

Particle charge

Negative

Penetration, 77 °F (25 °C) [6]

[4]

Float test at 140 °F (60 °C), seconds [6]

1200+ [5]

Total bitumen soluble CS2 [6]

97.5+

Ash content, percent [6]

2.0-

[1]  Pumpable.

[2]  Use aggregates to test the emulsion that are from sources standardized by the Laboratory.  Use aggregates consisting of 100 percent passing a 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) sieve and 0 percent passing a 1/4 inch (6.3 mm) sieve.  Wash the standard reference aggregates with distilled water until free of dust, and dry them.

          Weigh 3.280 ounces (93 grams) of the dry graded reference aggregate into a suitable container.  Weigh 0.247 ounces (7 grams) of the emulsion onto the aggregate in the container, and vigorously mix the contents for 5 minutes.  After mixing, thoroughly coat the stone.  Completely immerse the mixture in tap water, and immediately pour off the tap water.  Ensure that the aggregate surface area is at least 90 percent coated.

[3]  When shipped after October 1 and before April 15, except if the emulsion is stored and mixed at temperatures of emulsion, aggregate, and atmosphere above 40 °F (5 °C).

[4]  Select the penetration within the following ranges of the designation specified:

[5]  AASHTO T 50, except immediately pour residue from distillation into the float collar at 500 °F (260 °C); or if the residue has been allowed to cool, heat it again to 500 °F (260 °C) and pour it into the float collar.

[6]  Test on residue from distillation.

 

 

Designation

Penetration at 77 °F (25 °C)

MWS 300

300+

MWS 150

150 to 300

MWS 90

90 to 150

MWS 60

60 to 90

 

702.13  SBR Asphalt Emulsion.  Provide material consisting of asphalt emulsion SS-1, SS-1h, CSS-1 or CSS-1h per 702.04 and Supplement 1032, blended with SBR emulsion per 702.14, to produce a residual mixture of asphalt binder and SBR solids having a composition of 97.0 ± 0.3 percent asphalt binder and 3.0 ± 0.3 percent SBR solids by weight.

Furnish a certification to the Engineer and signed by the contractor containing the following:

A.      The weight of SBR emulsion blended with the asphalt emulsion.

B.      The weight of asphalt emulsion blended with the SBR emulsion.

C.      The SBR emulsion manufacturer certification per 702.14.

D.      The percent of asphalt binder in the asphalt emulsion (residue by distillation).

E.      The percent of SBR solids in the SBR emulsion.

F.      The percent of SBR solids in the mixture of asphalt binder residue and SBR solids.

G.      Name of Certified asphalt emulsion producer and asphalt emulsion.

 

Determine the weight of the SBR emulsion to be added to a designated weight of asphalt emulsion to provide the percent of SBR solids in the mixture of asphalt residue and SBR solids using the following formula:

where:

                          X =  pounds (kilograms) of SBR emulsion

                          A =  percent SBR solids in the SBR emulsion

                          B =  percent of asphalt residue of the asphalt emulsion

                         W =  pounds (kilograms) of the asphalt emulsion

 

For field blending, ensure the asphalt emulsion and SBR emulsion are thoroughly mixed as follows before application:  Add to the distributor the asphalt emulsion and the required amount of the SBR emulsion of the appropriate SBR emulsion type (i.e. cationic or anionic).  Heat and circulate the distributor contents for at least 30 minutes to ensure complete blending.  Re-circulate the distributor contents for 10 minutes just prior to application.  If the distributor has set for 12 hours without circulation, repeat the heating and circulating of the distributor contents for 30 minutes prior to application.

Draw samples of the mixed SBR and asphalt emulsion after mixing the materials as indicated above. Emulsion will comply with all specification requirements for at least 30 days after application.

 

702.14  SBR Emulsion.  Ensure the SBR emulsion is a cold polymerized Styrene Butadiene synthetic rubber (SBR) in latex form specifically compounded for use in asphalt binders and asphalt emulsions.  Ensure the manufacturer of the SBR emulsion furnishes a written certification of the total SBR solids content of the SBR emulsion and actual test results showing compliance with both of the following requirements:

A.      SBR emulsion:

Type of SBR Emulsion:

Anionic

Cationic

SBR solids Styrene Butadiene Ratio

27 ±5 : 73 ±5

27 ±5 : 73 ±5

Total SBR solids, % by weight

60-72

60-72

SBR solids Residual Styrene, % by weight

0.1 max

3.5 0.1 max

Ash, % of total SBR solids by weight

3.5 max

3.5 max

pH

9-11

4-6

Viscosity, Brookfield Units, Model RVF, spindle No 2 @20 RPM@ 77° F (25 ºC)

2000 max

2000 max

 

B.      Combination of 3.0 – 4.0 % SBR solids with 96.0 – 97.0 % PG 64-22 meeting 702.01 by weight:

Toughness inch-pounds (N×m),  Minimum 133 (15)

Tenacity, inch-pounds (N×m),  Minimum 80 (9)

 

702.16  Polymer Emulsified Binder.  Material will meet specification requirements of the table below for at least 30 days after application

Table 702.16 Polymer Emulsified Binder

Emulsion (AASHTO T 59)

Type A (b)

Type B (b,c,g)

Saybolt Furol Viscosity

100-550 (50 ºC)

20-100 (25 ºC)

Storage stability, 24 hrs., % difference, max (a)

1

1

Demulsibility, 35 ml of 0.8% Dioctyl Sodium Sulf., min

50

60

Demulsibility, 35 ml of 0.02N, CaCl2, %, min

 

60

Sieve test, (distilled water), %, max

0.1

0.05

Distillation to 190 ºC, residue % solids (d)

68

63

Oil distillate, %, max

2

2

Distillation Residue

 

 

Penetration, 100g, 5 sec @77 ºF( 25ºC) AASHTO T 49

70-100

90-150

Softening point, º C, min AASHTO T 53

60

 

Solubility in TCE, %, min ASTM D 2042 or D 5546

97.5

97.5

Elastic Recovery, 50 ºF (10º C),  %, min  AASHTO T 301, (e),(,g)

70

58

Toughness/Tenacity,  77 ºF (25º C), 50 cm/min, Nm ASTM D 5801 (f)

report   16.0/ 9.0

 

Ductility, 39 ºF (4º C),1cm/min, min                   AASHTO T 51, (f)

70

 

Notes:

      (a) After standing undisturbed for 24 hours, the surface will show no white, milky colored substance, but will be a smooth homogeneous color throughout.

(b)  CRS-2P, test within 20 days of project sampling. Limits for both certified source and project samples.

(c)  HFRS-2P, test within 20 days of project sampling.

(d)  See Supplement 1013

(e)  Straight molds.  Hold at test temperature for 90 minutes.  Place in ductilometer and elongate 10 cm at 5 cm/min.  Hold for 5 minutes and cut.  After 1 hour retract the broken ends to touch and note elongation in cm (X).  Percent Recovery = ((10-X)/10) x 100.

(f)  SBR

(g)  SBS, SB

 

702.17 Crack Sealant

 

A. Type I Crack Sealant.       Conform to 705.04

 

B. Type II Crack Sealant.     Provide a mixture of PG 64-22 certified binder (Supplement 1032) and polyester fibers (recycled fibers not permitted) according to the following requirements:

 

Denier; ASTM D 1577*...................................... 3.0 to 6.0

Length........................... 0.25 ± 0.02 inch (6.35 ± 0.51mm)

Crimps; ASTM D 3937............................................. None

Tensile str, min. ASTM D2256*..... 70,000 psi (483 Mpa)

Specific gravity................................................ 1.32 to 1.40

Minimum melting temperature................... 475 ºF (256 ºC)

Ignition temperature......................... 1000 ºF (538 ºC) min.

*This data must be obtained prior to cutting the fibers.

The fiber and fiber manufacturer must be on the Qualified Products List.

Combine materials so the fibers are a minimum of 5.0 percent by total weight of the asphalt binder.  Ensure combined materials are according to the following properties:

Strength (at break) at 72 ºF (22 ºC) 350 psi (2.4 MPa) min.

.... at 0 ºF (-18 ºC) ......................... 500 psi (3.5 MPa) min.

Elongation (at break)        at 72 ºF (22 ºC)    50 percent min.

.... at 0 ºF (-18 ºC) ..................................... 20 percent min.

 

The option for using premixed and prepackaged Type II crack sealant is permitted provided (1) the fibers and the fiber binder are according to the requirements as shown and, (2) the fiber binder is according to the manufacturer’s specifications.  Furnish certified test data from the fiber binder manufacturer annually to the Laboratory, and when requested by the Laboratory.  Furnish a letter of certification with each shipment stating that the material complies with specification requirements.

C. Type III Crack Sealant.      Provide a mixture of PG 64-22 certified binder (Supplement 1032) and polypropylene fibers (recycled fibers not permitted) according to the following requirements:

 

Denier; ASTM D 1577*........................................... 15 ±3

Length,........................... 0.39 ± 0.08 inch (9.91 ± 2.0 mm)

Crimps; ASTM D 3937............................................. None

Tensile strength, min, ASTM D 2256* 40,000 psi (276 MPa)

Specific gravity................................................. 0.91 ± 0.04

Minimum melting point............................. 320 ºF (160 ºC)

 

*   This data must be obtained prior to cutting the fibers.

 

The fiber and fiber manufacturer must be on the Qualified Products List.

Combine materials so the fibers are a minimum of 7.0 percent by total weight of the asphalt binder.  Ensure combined materials are according to the following properties:

Strength (at break) at 72 ºF (22 ºC) 350 psi (2.4 MPa) min.

.... at 0 ºF (-18 ºC).......................... 500 psi (3.5 MPa) min.

Elongation (at break).................................. at 72 ºF (22 ºC)          50 percent min.

.... at 0 ºF (-18 ºC) ..................................... 20 percent min.

 

D. Type IV Crack Sealant.    Provide a prepackaged, preapproved mixture of modified binder according to the following properties and minimum 2.0 percent polyester fibers (recycled fibers not permitted) according to the following properties.  Place sealant with a manufacturer’s representative for the fiber binder on site to ensure proper application and conditions.

 

Modified binder:

 

Cone penetration, 77 ºF (25 ºC)................................ 50-90

Flow, 140 ºF (60 ºC)........................................ 1.0 cm max

Resilience, 77 ºF (25 ºC)............................... 25-60 percent

Ductility, 77 ºF (25 ºC)...................................... 40 cm min

Bond, 0 ºF (-18 ºC), 100 percent ext. Pass ........... 5 cycles

Impact, 0 ºF (-18 ºC)................................................... Pass

Compression recovery.......................................... 0.40 min

Recommended pour temperature............... 380 ºF (193 ºC)

Safe heating temperature............................ 410 ºF (210 ºC)

 

Fiber must meet requirements for Type II polyester fiber.  Fiber and fiber manufacturer must be on the Qualified Products List.

 

Safe heating temperature............................ 400 ºF (204 ºC)

Softening point............................................ 190 ºF (88 ºC)

Viscosity, 400 ºF (225 0C).............................. 3000 cp min

Cone penetration, 77 ºF (25 ºC)................................ 25-45

Workability - Capable of being melted and applied through a pressure feed, indirect heated and agitated melter

Flexibility*.................................................................. Pass

 

* 1 inch (25mm) sample at -20 ºF (-30 ºC), 90 degree bend, 10 sec

 

Crack sealant and crack sealant manufacturer must be on the Qualified Products List.