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BRIDGE TERMS - A |
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abrasion abutment aggradation aggregate alignment alloy anchorage anchor bolt anchor span angle anisotropy anode anti-friction bearing appraisal rating approach slab apron arch arch barrel arch rib armor asphalt ASTM axial axle load |
abrasion - wearing or grinding away of material by water laden with sand, gravel, or stones abutment - a substructure supporting the end of a single span or the extreme end of a multispan superstructure and, in general, retaining or supporting the approach embankment aggradation - general and progressive raising of the streambed by deposition of sediment aggregate - the sand, gravel, or broken stone with which a cementing material is mixed to form a mortar or concrete alignment - the relative horizontal and vertical positioning between the bridge and approaches alloy - a mixture of two or more metals to form a new base metal anchorage - the complete assemblage of members and parts, designed to hold in correct position a portion or part of a structure anchor bolt - a shaft-like piece of metal commonly threaded and fitted with a nut and washer at one end only, used to secure in a fixed position upon the substructure the bearings of a bridge, the base of a column, a pedestal, shoe, or other member of a structure anchor span - the span which counterbalances and holds in equilibrium the fully cantilevered portion of an adjacent span; see CANTILEVER BEAM, GIRDER, or TRUSS angle - a basic member shaped like an L, usually made of steel anisotropy - the property of some materials, such as wood, exhibiting different strengths in different directions anode - the positively charged pole of a corrosion cell at which oxidations occurs anti-friction bearing - a ball or roller-type bearing; a bearing that does not resist horizontal or frictional loads appraisal rating - a judgment of a bridge component condition in comparison to current standards approach slab - a reinforced concrete slab placed on the approach embankment adjacent to and usually resting upon the abutment back wall; the function of the approach slab is to carry wheel loads on the approaches directly to the abutment, thereby eliminating any approach roadway misalignment due to approach embankment settlement apron - a form of scour protection consisting of timber, concrete, riprap, paving, or other construction placed adjacent to abutments and piers to prevent undermining arch - a curved structure element primarily in compression, producing at its supports reactions having both vertical and horizontal components arch barrel - a single arch member that extends the width of the structure arch rib - the main support element used in open spandrel arch construction; also known as arch ring armor - a secondary steel member installed to protect a vulnerable part of another member, e.g., steel angles placed over the edges of a joint asphalt - black surface material made from mineral hydrocarbons containing petroleum; the distinction between asphalt and bitumen is mainly chemical, in that asphalt is for solid surfacing and bitumen is a liquid suitable for coating aggregates ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials axial - in line with the centroid of the area axle load - the load borne by one axle of a traffic vehicle, a movable bridge, or other motive equipment or device and transmitted through a wheel or wheels |
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